⚡ The Problem: Low Efficiency at Low Load in SMPS

Switch Mode Power Supplies (SMPS) are excellent for high-efficiency power delivery, but at low loads, they often suffer from poor efficiency due to constant switching losses and idle power drain. This is a common issue in IoT, sensor nodes, and always-on gadgets that consume minimal power.

🔧 The Solution: Optimize for Light-Load Conditions

To fix this, use SMPS controllers with burst mode or pulse-skipping mode, which reduce switching frequency when the load is light. Also, choose low gate charge MOSFETs and high-efficiency inductors to minimize losses in passive components.

🧪 Practical Example :

Let’s say you’re powering a home automation sensor that only draws 30 mA. If your SMPS is designed for 2A, it might only be 50% efficient at 30 mA. Switching to a controller with burst mode or optimizing for light load could raise efficiency to 80%, significantly extending battery life.

🧮 Sample Calculation :

Assume input power is 0.5W and load draws 0.1W:

Efficiency = (Output/Input) × 100 = (0.1/0.5) × 100 = 20%

Optimized SMPS: (0.1/0.125) × 100 = 80%

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