Automatic Temperature Control Fan DIY Experiments Science Project Model STEM KIT (Assembled) – 100% Tested

Abstract:

The Automatic Temperature Control Fan circuit uses a readily available NTC (Negative Temperature Coefficient) thermistor, LM393 comparator IC, and a relay. The NTC acts as the temperature sensor, while the LM393 IC compares and triggers the relay when temperature increases. In the absence of heat, the NTC stops conducting, and the LED stays off. When temperature rises, the NTC starts conducting, activating the LED and turning the fan ON.

Application of the Circuit:
Most NTC-based circuits on the market rely on costly components and complex setups. However, this kit uses a readily available NTC to reduce costs while maintaining reliable performance. The circuit functions to detect temperature and automatically activate the fan and LED when the temperature rises.

Why this Circuit:
The NTC acts as a temperature detector, and the desired temperature sensitivity can be easily adjusted by placing a soldering tool near the NTC. The circuit operates using a 5V DC supply, ensuring wide compatibility for various projects.

Explained Working of the Circuit:
The circuit turns ON the LED and fan in response to temperature increases. The LM393 IC serves as a comparator, with the NTC connected as an input. The relay acts as a switch: normally closed contacts are open, and normally open contacts close when temperature rises. This results in the fan and LED turning ON to indicate elevated temperature.

Building the Kit:
Follow the provided manual, study the circuit, PCB layout, and components. Solder each component to the PCB according to its position. Pay attention to component polarity, particularly diodes and electrolytic capacitors.

Testing the Kit:
After assembling, connect a 5V DC power source. For testing, hold a soldering tool near the NTC. The LED will glow, and the fan will turn ON, confirming proper operation.

IC Used:
The LM393 IC is a dual comparator IC, widely used for temperature control applications.

Part List:

Semiconductors:
U1 – LM393 (8-pin comparator)

Resistors:
R2 – 10k Ohm (variable)
R3 – 1k Ohm
R4 – 1k Ohm
R5 – 10k Ohm
R6 – 10k Ohm

Capacitors:
C1 – 1uF

Miscellaneous:
D4 – NTC (Temperature sensor)
D1 – Red LED
D2 – Green LED
5V USB Cable
PCB
Fan

Key Applications:

Widely used in electronics projects, automation, robotics, and educational purposes. Suitable for Indian and global markets, ensuring reliable performance in diverse environments.

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