When building IoT or embedded systems, using a Switch Mode Power Supply (SMPS) is a smart choice. But did you know that many SMPS modules are inefficient at low loads?

⚠️ The Problem: Energy Waste at Light Load

Most SMPS units are designed for peak efficiency at 50–80% load. But in IoT and sensor applications, your device may draw only 100–200 mA, which can lead to:

• Lower conversion efficiency

• Higher idle power loss

• Overheating in tight enclosures

🔧 The Solution: Right-Sizing + Low-Quiescent Parts

Use SMPS modules designed for low-load operation, and pair them with:

• Low-dropout (LDO) regulators for sub-100mA loads

• High-frequency switching ICs with low quiescent current

• Add a bulk capacitor to improve transient response and reduce switching loss

💡 Practical Example: Powering an ESP32 Sleep Mode

An ESP32 draws ~10µA in deep sleep and ~80–160mA when active.
Using a 5V/2A SMPS wastes power.

✅ Fix: Use a 0.5A-rated buck converter and a low Iq LDO for 3.3V output. This saves battery life and reduces heat.

🧮 Sample Calculation: Load Efficiency

If your load is 0.1A and your SMPS is 60% efficient at that level:

Input Power = 3.3V × 0.1A / 0.6 = 0.55W

Optimizing to 85% efficiency:

Input = 0.39W → 29% energy saved!

🛠️ Product Suggestion (Made in India)

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• 🔋 Buck Converter Modules – Efficient low-power SMPS
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• 🧪 Flux Paste – Clean soldering for long-lasting builds
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