The electrical motor is the biggest advancements in the engineering and technology field ever since the invention of electricity.

In this 21st century without electricity, we can’t imagine doing any of our jobs. There is a major development that happened in technology and civilization only after the introduction of electricity and electrical devices.

We can’t imagine our life without ceiling fans, lights, computers, communication devices and many more.  It is proved that electricity and electrical devices play a major role in our life to make it easy and advance.

One such equipment which is continuously using in our domestic and industrial sector is the Motor. There are different varieties of motors used in different sectors according to their requirements. In this article, we are going to learn about the types of electric motors.

The electrical motor is the biggest advancements in the engineering and technology field ever since the invention of electricity.

What is an Electric Motor?

An electric motor is an electro-mechanical machine that converts electrical energy into mechanical energy. Basically, the motor produces the rotational force.

The working principle of the all-electric motor depends on the interaction between the magnetic and electric field.

Mainly, an electric motor has two types and they are AC motor and the DC motor. Let’s see these types of an electric motor in detail.

# AC Motor

The AC motor requires an alternating current to rotate. This motor converts the alternating current into mechanical power using electromagnetic induction.  The AC motor has two most important parts and they are stator and rotor.

Where the stator is the stationary part and the rotor is the rotating part of the motor. Mostly, AC motors are single-phase or three-phase.

The three-phase AC motor produces bulk power and mostly used in the industry. The single-phase AC motors used in small power applications. The single-phase AC motor is small in size and used in a variety of services.

Most of the domestic appliances such as refrigerators, fans, washing machines and mixers use the single-phase AC motor.

# DC Motor

A motor that converts the DC power into mechanical power is referred to as a DC motor. It is operated by the DC current. The basic working principle of a DC motor is that when a current-carrying conductor is placed in a magnetic field, a force exerted on it develops the torque.

The DC motor consists of two main part: Armature & Stator. The rotating part is the armature and their stationary part is the Stator.

Types of AC Motor

AC motors are mainly classified into three types and they are,

• Synchronous Motor
• Asynchronous or Induction Motor
• Linear Motor

1. Synchronous Motor

The synchronous motor changes the alternating current into mechanical power at the desired frequency. In this motor, the speed of the motor is synchronised with the AC frequency. Theses motors mainly depend on the three-phase supply.  In this, the motor speed is the constant speed at which the motor generates .

There is no air gap available in the speed of the stator current and rotor. So it provides more rotation accuracy. Because of high rotation accuracy, these motors are applicable in automation, robotics, etc.

The synchronous motor is segmented into two types:

(i) Reluctance Motor

The motor whose construction is similar to an induction motor and runs like a single-phase synchronous motor is called the reluctance motor.

In this motor, the rotor is like squirrel cage type and the stator include sets of windings such as auxiliary and main winding. To offer a level operation at a stable speed, the auxiliary windings are very useful.

These motors are commonly used in signal generators, recorders etc. which requires the proper synchronization.

(ii) Hysteresis Motor

The hysteresis motor has a uniform air gap and doesn’t have any DC excitation system. The rotor of this motor induces the hysteresis and eddy current to complete its required task. The working of a motor depends on the construction, single-phase or three-phase supply.

These motors provide very smooth operation with stable speed similar to other synchronous motors. The noise level of this motor is quite small, due to this reason they are used in the applications where the soundproof motors are required like a sound player, audio recorder etc.

Final Words

I hope this article helps you to understand the detailed information about the Types of Electric motor. These motors are used in number of applications. We at smartx.inhope that you found it interesting and that you will come back for more of our educational blogs.