Switch Mode Power Supplies (SMPS) are a popular choice for powering electronics due to their efficiency and compact design. However, isolation is a key factor in ensuring the safety and functionality of your circuits. When designing or troubleshooting an SMPS, you need to ensure the input and output are electrically isolated to prevent damage from voltage spikes, interference, or short circuits.

The Problem : 

Without proper isolation, power surges or faults in the output can find their way back to the input, causing potential damage to sensitive components or even the entire system. This is particularly critical in applications involving microcontrollers, sensors, and other sensitive electronics.

The Solution :

A simple way to achieve isolation is by using transformers or optocouplers. Transformers are often used to isolate the input and output by transferring energy without direct electrical contact. Optocouplers, on the other hand, use light to transmit signals while maintaining electrical isolation.

Practical Example :

Imagine you’re building a power supply for an Arduino-based project. If the Arduino is connected directly to an SMPS without isolation, a voltage spike could damage the Arduino. By adding a transformer to the SMPS, you ensure that any fluctuations or spikes are isolated from your sensitive components, keeping your circuit safe.

Simple Calculation : 

If you’re using a transformer, let’s say you need 12V output and you have a 120V input.

The voltage ratio is 120V/12V = 10:1.

So, for every 1V on the primary side, you get 1/10th of that on the secondary side.

This ratio helps you calculate the size and specifications of the transformer needed for your project.

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If you’re looking for reliable isolation components, check out transformers and optocouplers on our site. Shop Now On Smartxprokts.in Support our work and India’s innovation—buy from our Make in India site!